For emergency assistance during a flood, storm or tsunami, call NSW SES on 132 500   In a life-threatening emergency, call Triple Zero (000).
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Coastal erosion

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What is coastal erosion

Coastal erosion is the loss of land along the shoreline due to the natural removal of sand, vegetation and other features due to changing wave and water conditions. During severe storms, coastal erosion can happen rapidly, potentially causing damage and putting people, properties, and infrastructure in danger.  

Weather conditions leading to coastal erosion in NSW are typically associated with intense low pressure systems off the coast which generate large waves and higher sea levels. These low pressure systems include tropical cyclones, ex-tropical cyclones and east coast lows.

The extent of coastal erosion can be influenced by a range of factors, both natural and unnatural, including:  

  • Tides
  • Waves
  • Water currents
  • Runoff
  • Headlands
  • Storms
  • Vegetation
  • Building and development
  • Coastal management activities 

Climate change is likely to increase coastal erosion over time, as sea levels rise, and the intensity of storms increase. Infrastructure like roads, access to beaches and connection to utilities are also likely to be impacted during these events. 

Coastal Erosion StormSafe Guide

Coastal inundation

Coastal inundation happens when sea water rises high enough that it floods infrastructure and buildings or endangers peoples' safety. Along the NSW coast there are many low-lying areas above the normal high tide level that are subject to coastal inundation. These include wetlands, coastal lagoons and rivers. As well as other areas behind beach and dune systems like roads, paths, parks and residentials areas.

During severe weather, buildings and infrastructure in low-lying coastal areas can be inundated by storm surges. The NSW SES is responsible for the emergency management of coastal erosion and flooding due to severe storms. This includes preparing emergency plans for areas at risk of coastal erosion and inundation. 

What can you do to prepare?

It’s important to prepare your home or business to keep people and property safe. If you live or work along the NSW coastline you may be directly or indirectly affected by coastal erosion and inundation. By preparing for emergencies, you can reduce the impacts and recover better.

Know your risk  

You can learn about the coastal erosion risks in your community by visiting the Local information page. Understanding past and potential future hazards in your area can help you to make informed decisions that can reduce the impact on individuals, families, businesses and communities.

Your Local Council can also provide you with information regarding the requirements for the construction of costal protection works.

Know the warnings

NSW SES will issue information through the Australian Warning System, including Advice, Watch and Act and Emergency Warnings for severe weather.

The natural signs of coastal erosion can include very high tides, large waves, high sea levels, collapsing dunes and coastal land. 

Download the Hazards Near Me App and set your watch zones for floods and severe weather to get the NSW SES warnings.

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The Bureau of Meteorology issues Severe Weather Warnings when damaging waves or storm surge conditions are anticipated that may result in coastal erosion or inundation. These warnings are broadcast over local radio stations. Warnings are also available on the Bureau of Meteorology website. 

What should you do when coastal erosion or inundation is likely?

When a Severe Weather Warning for damaging surf or storm surge conditions is issued, you should:

  • Stay out of the water and away from areas exposed to damaging surf.
  • Stay clear of areas where active erosion is occurring or is likely to occur and advise your local council.
  • Keep in contact with your neighbours.
  • Listen to your local radio station and other media for information, updates and advice.
  • Follow all instructions given to you by emergency services.
  • Prepare to evacuate if required.
  • If you require assistance call the NSW SES on 132 500. 

Permanent or temporary coastal protection works

Contact your local council for information on permanent or temporary coastal protection works.